*DECK BESK SUBROUTINE BESK (X, FNU, KODE, N, Y, NZ) C***BEGIN PROLOGUE BESK C***PURPOSE Implement forward recursion on the three term recursion C relation for a sequence of non-negative order Bessel C functions K/SUB(FNU+I-1)/(X), or scaled Bessel functions C EXP(X)*K/SUB(FNU+I-1)/(X), I=1,...,N for real, positive C X and non-negative orders FNU. C***LIBRARY SLATEC C***CATEGORY C10B3 C***TYPE SINGLE PRECISION (BESK-S, DBESK-D) C***KEYWORDS K BESSEL FUNCTION, SPECIAL FUNCTIONS C***AUTHOR Amos, D. E., (SNLA) C***DESCRIPTION C C Abstract C BESK implements forward recursion on the three term C recursion relation for a sequence of non-negative order Bessel C functions K/sub(FNU+I-1)/(X), or scaled Bessel functions C EXP(X)*K/sub(FNU+I-1)/(X), I=1,...,N for real X .GT. 0.0E0 and C non-negative orders FNU. If FNU .LT. NULIM, orders FNU and C FNU+1 are obtained from BESKNU to start the recursion. If C FNU .GE. NULIM, the uniform asymptotic expansion is used for C orders FNU and FNU+1 to start the recursion. NULIM is 35 or C 70 depending on whether N=1 or N .GE. 2. Under and overflow C tests are made on the leading term of the asymptotic expansion C before any extensive computation is done. C C Description of Arguments C C Input C X - X .GT. 0.0E0 C FNU - order of the initial K function, FNU .GE. 0.0E0 C KODE - a parameter to indicate the scaling option C KODE=1 returns Y(I)= K/sub(FNU+I-1)/(X), C I=1,...,N C KODE=2 returns Y(I)=EXP(X)*K/sub(FNU+I-1)/(X), C I=1,...,N C N - number of members in the sequence, N .GE. 1 C C Output C y - a vector whose first n components contain values C for the sequence C Y(I)= K/sub(FNU+I-1)/(X), I=1,...,N or C Y(I)=EXP(X)*K/sub(FNU+I-1)/(X), I=1,...,N C depending on KODE C NZ - number of components of Y set to zero due to C underflow with KODE=1, C NZ=0 , normal return, computation completed C NZ .NE. 0, first NZ components of Y set to zero C due to underflow, Y(I)=0.0E0, I=1,...,NZ C C Error Conditions C Improper input arguments - a fatal error C Overflow - a fatal error C Underflow with KODE=1 - a non-fatal error (NZ .NE. 0) C C***REFERENCES F. W. J. Olver, Tables of Bessel Functions of Moderate C or Large Orders, NPL Mathematical Tables 6, Her C Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1962. C N. M. Temme, On the numerical evaluation of the modified C Bessel function of the third kind, Journal of C Computational Physics 19, (1975), pp. 324-337. C***ROUTINES CALLED ASYIK, BESK0, BESK0E, BESK1, BESK1E, BESKNU, C I1MACH, R1MACH, XERMSG C***REVISION HISTORY (YYMMDD) C 790201 DATE WRITTEN C 890531 Changed all specific intrinsics to generic. (WRB) C 890531 REVISION DATE from Version 3.2 C 891214 Prologue converted to Version 4.0 format. (BAB) C 900315 CALLs to XERROR changed to CALLs to XERMSG. (THJ) C 900326 Removed duplicate information from DESCRIPTION section. C (WRB) C 920501 Reformatted the REFERENCES section. (WRB) C***END PROLOGUE BESK C INTEGER I, J, K, KODE, MZ, N, NB, ND, NN, NUD, NULIM, NZ INTEGER I1MACH REAL CN, DNU, ELIM, ETX, FLGIK,FN, FNN, FNU,GLN,GNU,RTZ,S,S1,S2, 1 T, TM, TRX, W, X, XLIM, Y, ZN REAL BESK0, BESK1, BESK1E, BESK0E, R1MACH DIMENSION W(2), NULIM(2), Y(*) SAVE NULIM DATA NULIM(1),NULIM(2) / 35 , 70 / C***FIRST EXECUTABLE STATEMENT BESK NN = -I1MACH(12) ELIM = 2.303E0*(NN*R1MACH(5)-3.0E0) XLIM = R1MACH(1)*1.0E+3 IF (KODE.LT.1 .OR. KODE.GT.2) GO TO 280 IF (FNU.LT.0.0E0) GO TO 290 IF (X.LE.0.0E0) GO TO 300 IF (X.LT.XLIM) GO TO 320 IF (N.LT.1) GO TO 310 ETX = KODE - 1 C C ND IS A DUMMY VARIABLE FOR N C GNU IS A DUMMY VARIABLE FOR FNU C NZ = NUMBER OF UNDERFLOWS ON KODE=1 C ND = N NZ = 0 NUD = INT(FNU) DNU = FNU - NUD GNU = FNU NN = MIN(2,ND) FN = FNU + N - 1 FNN = FN IF (FN.LT.2.0E0) GO TO 150 C C OVERFLOW TEST (LEADING EXPONENTIAL OF ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION) C FOR THE LAST ORDER, FNU+N-1.GE.NULIM C ZN = X/FN IF (ZN.EQ.0.0E0) GO TO 320 RTZ = SQRT(1.0E0+ZN*ZN) GLN = LOG((1.0E0+RTZ)/ZN) T = RTZ*(1.0E0-ETX) + ETX/(ZN+RTZ) CN = -FN*(T-GLN) IF (CN.GT.ELIM) GO TO 320 IF (NUD.LT.NULIM(NN)) GO TO 30 IF (NN.EQ.1) GO TO 20 10 CONTINUE C C UNDERFLOW TEST (LEADING EXPONENTIAL OF ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION) C FOR THE FIRST ORDER, FNU.GE.NULIM C FN = GNU ZN = X/FN RTZ = SQRT(1.0E0+ZN*ZN) GLN = LOG((1.0E0+RTZ)/ZN) T = RTZ*(1.0E0-ETX) + ETX/(ZN+RTZ) CN = -FN*(T-GLN) 20 CONTINUE IF (CN.LT.-ELIM) GO TO 230 C C ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION FOR ORDERS FNU AND FNU+1.GE.NULIM C FLGIK = -1.0E0 CALL ASYIK(X,GNU,KODE,FLGIK,RTZ,CN,NN,Y) IF (NN.EQ.1) GO TO 240 TRX = 2.0E0/X TM = (GNU+GNU+2.0E0)/X GO TO 130 C 30 CONTINUE IF (KODE.EQ.2) GO TO 40 C C UNDERFLOW TEST (LEADING EXPONENTIAL OF ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION IN X) C FOR ORDER DNU C IF (X.GT.ELIM) GO TO 230 40 CONTINUE IF (DNU.NE.0.0E0) GO TO 80 IF (KODE.EQ.2) GO TO 50 S1 = BESK0(X) GO TO 60 50 S1 = BESK0E(X) 60 CONTINUE IF (NUD.EQ.0 .AND. ND.EQ.1) GO TO 120 IF (KODE.EQ.2) GO TO 70 S2 = BESK1(X) GO TO 90 70 S2 = BESK1E(X) GO TO 90 80 CONTINUE NB = 2 IF (NUD.EQ.0 .AND. ND.EQ.1) NB = 1 CALL BESKNU(X, DNU, KODE, NB, W, NZ) S1 = W(1) IF (NB.EQ.1) GO TO 120 S2 = W(2) 90 CONTINUE TRX = 2.0E0/X TM = (DNU+DNU+2.0E0)/X C FORWARD RECUR FROM DNU TO FNU+1 TO GET Y(1) AND Y(2) IF (ND.EQ.1) NUD = NUD - 1 IF (NUD.GT.0) GO TO 100 IF (ND.GT.1) GO TO 120 S1 = S2 GO TO 120 100 CONTINUE DO 110 I=1,NUD S = S2 S2 = TM*S2 + S1 S1 = S TM = TM + TRX 110 CONTINUE IF (ND.EQ.1) S1 = S2 120 CONTINUE Y(1) = S1 IF (ND.EQ.1) GO TO 240 Y(2) = S2 130 CONTINUE IF (ND.EQ.2) GO TO 240 C FORWARD RECUR FROM FNU+2 TO FNU+N-1 DO 140 I=3,ND Y(I) = TM*Y(I-1) + Y(I-2) TM = TM + TRX 140 CONTINUE GO TO 240 C 150 CONTINUE C UNDERFLOW TEST FOR KODE=1 IF (KODE.EQ.2) GO TO 160 IF (X.GT.ELIM) GO TO 230 160 CONTINUE C OVERFLOW TEST IF (FN.LE.1.0E0) GO TO 170 IF (-FN*(LOG(X)-0.693E0).GT.ELIM) GO TO 320 170 CONTINUE IF (DNU.EQ.0.0E0) GO TO 180 CALL BESKNU(X, FNU, KODE, ND, Y, MZ) GO TO 240 180 CONTINUE J = NUD IF (J.EQ.1) GO TO 210 J = J + 1 IF (KODE.EQ.2) GO TO 190 Y(J) = BESK0(X) GO TO 200 190 Y(J) = BESK0E(X) 200 IF (ND.EQ.1) GO TO 240 J = J + 1 210 IF (KODE.EQ.2) GO TO 220 Y(J) = BESK1(X) GO TO 240 220 Y(J) = BESK1E(X) GO TO 240 C C UPDATE PARAMETERS ON UNDERFLOW C 230 CONTINUE NUD = NUD + 1 ND = ND - 1 IF (ND.EQ.0) GO TO 240 NN = MIN(2,ND) GNU = GNU + 1.0E0 IF (FNN.LT.2.0E0) GO TO 230 IF (NUD.LT.NULIM(NN)) GO TO 230 GO TO 10 240 CONTINUE NZ = N - ND IF (NZ.EQ.0) RETURN IF (ND.EQ.0) GO TO 260 DO 250 I=1,ND J = N - I + 1 K = ND - I + 1 Y(J) = Y(K) 250 CONTINUE 260 CONTINUE DO 270 I=1,NZ Y(I) = 0.0E0 270 CONTINUE RETURN C C C 280 CONTINUE CALL XERMSG ('SLATEC', 'BESK', 'SCALING OPTION, KODE, NOT 1 OR 2' + , 2, 1) RETURN 290 CONTINUE CALL XERMSG ('SLATEC', 'BESK', 'ORDER, FNU, LESS THAN ZERO', 2, + 1) RETURN 300 CONTINUE CALL XERMSG ('SLATEC', 'BESK', 'X LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO ZERO', 2, + 1) RETURN 310 CONTINUE CALL XERMSG ('SLATEC', 'BESK', 'N LESS THAN ONE', 2, 1) RETURN 320 CONTINUE CALL XERMSG ('SLATEC', 'BESK', + 'OVERFLOW, FNU OR N TOO LARGE OR X TOO SMALL', 6, 1) RETURN END